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A portmanteau (, ; plural ''portmanteaus'' or ''portmanteaux'' ) or portmanteau word is a linguistic ''blend of words'',〔(Garner's Modern American Usage ), p. 644〕 in which parts of multiple words, or their phones (sounds), and their meanings are combined into a new word.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Portmanteau )〕 Originally, the word "portmanteau" refers to a suitcase that opens into two equal sections. A portmanteau word fuses both the sounds and the meanings of its components, as in ''smog'', coined by blending ''smoke'' and ''fog'',〔 or ''motel'', from ''motor'' and ''hotel''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/471231/portmanteau-word )〕 In linguistics, a portmanteau is defined as a single morph which represents two or more morphemes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What is a portmanteau morph? )〕 The definition overlaps with the grammatical term ''contraction'', but a distinction can be made between a portmanteau and a contraction by noting that contractions are formed from words that would otherwise appear together in sequence, such as ''do'' and ''not'', whereas a portmanteau word is formed by combining two or more existing words that all relate to a singular concept which the portmanteau describes. Portmanteau should also be distinguished from compounds, which do not involve the truncation of parts of the stems of the blended words. For instance, ''starfish'' is a compound, not a portmanteau, of ''star'' and ''fish'' (a hypothetical portmanteau of these words might be ''stish''). == Origin == The word "portmanteau" was first used in this context by Lewis Carroll in the book ''Through the Looking-Glass'' (1871), in which Humpty Dumpty explains to Alice the coinage of the unusual words in ''Jabberwocky'',〔Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., and Hyams, N. (2007) An Introduction to Language, Eighth Edition. Boston: Thomson Wadsworth. ISBN 1-4130-1773-8.〕 where "slithy" means "lithe and slimy" and "mimsy" is "flimsy and miserable." Humpty Dumpty explains the practice of combining words in various ways by telling Alice: In his introduction to ''The Hunting of the Snark,'' Carroll uses "portmanteau" when discussing lexical selection: In then-contemporary English, a portmanteau was a suitcase that opened into two equal sections. The etymology of the word is the French ''portemanteau,'' from ''porter,'' to carry, and ''manteau'', cloak (from Old French ''mantel,'' from Latin ''mantellum'').〔"Portmanteau." ''The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition.'' 2000.〕 In modern French, a ''porte-manteau'' is a clothes valet, a coat-tree or similar article of furniture for hanging up jackets, hats, umbrellas and the like.〔Petit Robert: ''portemanteau'' - "malle penderie" (suitcase in which clothes hang)〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=PORTEMANTEAU : Définition de PORTEMANTEAU )〕〔Such a "coat bag" is mentioned in Chapter 12 of Alexander Dumas' ″The Count of Monte Cristo″ The Count of Monte Cristo〕 A humorous synonym for "portmanteau word" (in the sense of "blend") is frankenword, itself an example of the phenomenon it describes (i. e., an autological word), blending "Frankenstein" and "word".〔Victor Frankenstein being the creator of the monster in Mary Shelley's novel ''Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus'', the monster being constructed from parts from several bodies.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Portmanteau」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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